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1 ękati
ękati; ęcati \{1\} Grammatical information: v.Page in Trubačev: VI 69-70Czech:Polish:jąkać `stammer' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:jékati `resound, moan' [verb];jȅkati `scold, urge on' [verb];jȅcati `sob, stammer' [verb]Slovene:ję́kati `hit with a lot of noise, bump into' [verb], ję̑kam [1sg];ję́cati `stammer, prattle' [verb], ję̑cam [1sg]Bulgarian:écam (dial.) `eat, dangle' [verb];jécam (dial.) `stammer' [verb]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: ink-Lithuanian:inkštėti (dial.) `stammer' [verb]Comments: The form ęcati shows the regular reflex of the second palatalization.Other cognates: -
2 ęcati
ękati; ęcati \{1\} Grammatical information: v.Page in Trubačev: VI 69-70Czech:Polish:jąkać `stammer' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:jékati `resound, moan' [verb];jȅkati `scold, urge on' [verb];jȅcati `sob, stammer' [verb]Slovene:ję́kati `hit with a lot of noise, bump into' [verb], ję̑kam [1sg];ję́cati `stammer, prattle' [verb], ję̑cam [1sg]Bulgarian:écam (dial.) `eat, dangle' [verb];jécam (dial.) `stammer' [verb]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: ink-Lithuanian:inkštėti (dial.) `stammer' [verb]Comments: The form ęcati shows the regular reflex of the second palatalization.Other cognates: -
3 lękati
lękati; lęcati Grammatical information: v.Page in Trubačev: XV 59-61Old Church Slavic:lęčǫtъ `set traps' [3pl]Russian:ljakát' (dial.) `scare, chase a fish caught in a net' [verb]Czech:léceti `lay snares, set traps' [verb];líceti `lay snares, set traps' [verb]Old Czech:léceti `lay snares, set traps' [verb]Polish:lękać się `be afraid' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:lécati se `not feel well, fear' [verb];lȅcati se `not feel well, fear' [verb]Slovene:lę́cati `bend, lay snares, tremble, be scared' [verb], lę́cam [1sg]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: lenkteiLithuanian:leñkti `bend' [verb]Latvian:lìekt `bend' [verb]Indo-European reconstruction: lenk-Page in Pokorny: 676Comments: The form lęcati shows the regular reflex of the second palatalization. -
4 lęcati
lękati; lęcati Grammatical information: v.Page in Trubačev: XV 59-61Old Church Slavic:lęčǫtъ `set traps' [3pl]Russian:ljakát' (dial.) `scare, chase a fish caught in a net' [verb]Czech:léceti `lay snares, set traps' [verb];líceti `lay snares, set traps' [verb]Old Czech:léceti `lay snares, set traps' [verb]Polish:lękać się `be afraid' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:lécati se `not feel well, fear' [verb];lȅcati se `not feel well, fear' [verb]Slovene:lę́cati `bend, lay snares, tremble, be scared' [verb], lę́cam [1sg]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: lenkteiLithuanian:leñkti `bend' [verb]Latvian:lìekt `bend' [verb]Indo-European reconstruction: lenk-Page in Pokorny: 676Comments: The form lęcati shows the regular reflex of the second palatalization. -
5 olьxa
olьxa; elьxa Grammatical information: f. ā Proto-Slavic meaning: `alder'Page in Trubačev: VI 23-25; XXXII 81-82Russian:ol'xá `alder' [f ā];ëlxa (dial.), elxá (dial.) `alder, spruce' [f ā] \{1\}Slovak:Polish:Serbo-Croatian:Bulgarian:elxá `alder, spruce' [f ā]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: a/elisaH;; a/el(i)snio-Lithuanian:al̃ksnis, el̃ksnis `alder' [m io] 2;alìksnis (E. dial.) `alder' [m io] 2;álksna, élksna (dial.) `alder thicket, place where alders grow, marsh, dale' [f ā] 1Latvian:àlksnis, èlksnis (dial.) `alder' [m io];àlksna, ęlksna (E. dial.) `alder thicket, swampy place' \{2\}Indo-European reconstruction: h₂eliseh₂IE meaning: alderCertainty: -Page in Pokorny: 302-303Comments: As Schrijver observes (1991: 40), this etymon presents two problems. The first problem is the anlaut. The Slavic forms with je- cannot be explained away by assuming analogy after the word for `spruce': je- also occurs in West Slavic, where `spruce' is jedl-, not jel- (pace Kortlandt apud Schrijver: o.c. 41). The a-: e- variation in Germanic suggests that the variation in Baltic and Slavic does not result from "Rozwadowski's change" alone (cf. Andersen 1996: 130). The second problem is the alternation between i and zero in the second syllable. It is true that the *i and *u (cf. the Latvian toponym Aluksne?) of the Germanic forms may continue the regular ablaut of an s-stem (Schrijver: l.c.), but the fact that we find *i of in Slavic and East Lithuanian as well indicates that it should be taken at face value. The above-mentioned peculiarities of the etymon strongly suggest that we are dealing with a word of non-Indo-European origin. The fact that there are North Slavic forms with s alongside the expected x must be connected with the Baltic presence in the area (cf. Anikin 2005: 85-86).Other cognates:OIc. ǫlr `alder', jǫlstr `alder' [f] \{3\}Notes:\{1\} In Russian dialects there are apparently also forms with a vocalized medial jer, e.g. elóxa (Kostr.), alëx (Voron.), olëx (Rjaz.) `alder' (cf. Popowska-Taborska 1984: 39). \{2\} The form with e- is actually reflected as àlksna (Bersohn, E. Latvia) (M-E: s.v.). \{3\} From * aluz- and * elustrō (< * elastrō?), respectively. -
6 elьxa
olьxa; elьxa Grammatical information: f. ā Proto-Slavic meaning: `alder'Page in Trubačev: VI 23-25; XXXII 81-82Russian:ol'xá `alder' [f ā];ëlxa (dial.), elxá (dial.) `alder, spruce' [f ā] \{1\}Slovak:Polish:Serbo-Croatian:Bulgarian:elxá `alder, spruce' [f ā]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: a/elisaH;; a/el(i)snio-Lithuanian:al̃ksnis, el̃ksnis `alder' [m io] 2;alìksnis (E. dial.) `alder' [m io] 2;álksna, élksna (dial.) `alder thicket, place where alders grow, marsh, dale' [f ā] 1Latvian:àlksnis, èlksnis (dial.) `alder' [m io];àlksna, ęlksna (E. dial.) `alder thicket, swampy place' \{2\}Indo-European reconstruction: h₂eliseh₂IE meaning: alderCertainty: -Page in Pokorny: 302-303Comments: As Schrijver observes (1991: 40), this etymon presents two problems. The first problem is the anlaut. The Slavic forms with je- cannot be explained away by assuming analogy after the word for `spruce': je- also occurs in West Slavic, where `spruce' is jedl-, not jel- (pace Kortlandt apud Schrijver: o.c. 41). The a-: e- variation in Germanic suggests that the variation in Baltic and Slavic does not result from "Rozwadowski's change" alone (cf. Andersen 1996: 130). The second problem is the alternation between i and zero in the second syllable. It is true that the *i and *u (cf. the Latvian toponym Aluksne?) of the Germanic forms may continue the regular ablaut of an s-stem (Schrijver: l.c.), but the fact that we find *i of in Slavic and East Lithuanian as well indicates that it should be taken at face value. The above-mentioned peculiarities of the etymon strongly suggest that we are dealing with a word of non-Indo-European origin. The fact that there are North Slavic forms with s alongside the expected x must be connected with the Baltic presence in the area (cf. Anikin 2005: 85-86).Other cognates:OIc. ǫlr `alder', jǫlstr `alder' [f] \{3\}Notes:\{1\} In Russian dialects there are apparently also forms with a vocalized medial jer, e.g. elóxa (Kostr.), alëx (Voron.), olëx (Rjaz.) `alder' (cf. Popowska-Taborska 1984: 39). \{2\} The form with e- is actually reflected as àlksna (Bersohn, E. Latvia) (M-E: s.v.). \{3\} From * aluz- and * elustrō (< * elastrō?), respectively.
См. также в других словарях:
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